Heater.



C. W. HOPES.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED ran. 25. ms.

1E1 1 g Patented Feb. 13,1917.

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A rTomvm/a C. W. HOPES.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED FE8.25..19I6.

Patented Feb. 13, 191?.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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I WITNESSES HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 25, 1916. Serial No. 80,413.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it knownthat I, CHARLES W'. Horns, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Glens Falls, in the county of l/Varr'en and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Heater, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to liquid heaters and vaporizer-s of the sectional type, and its object is to providea new and improved heater more especially designed for use in heating houses by steam, or hot water, and arranged to provide a large heating surface in a comparatively small. space, to allow expansion and contraction of each individual section, to reduce the radiation of heat into the room in which the heater is located to a minimum, to allow of storing a large amount of fuel in the magazine, and to permit of feeding the fuel in desired amounts to the grates. A further object'is to permit of burning smallsized coal and other cheap fuel in'the heater,

andwith a view to insure complete combustion and utilization of the heat arising from the burning fuel to the fullest advantage, thus rendering the use of the heater exceeding economical.

In order to accomplish the desired result, use is made of hollow vertically disposed sections "having slip joint connections with each other and suspended to allow expansion and contraction of each individual section. Use-isalso made of magazines at the sides of the heating sections to protect the same against radiating heat into the room in which the heater is located, the bottoms of the magazines having manually controlled feeding means for feeding the desired amount of fuel from the magazines onto the grate. In conjunction with the sidemagazines, useis made of two sets of grate bars inclined downwardly and nwardly to meet at the longitudinal median line of the fire box, the sides of-the sets of grate bars being immediately below the feeding means of the magazines so that the fuel drops onto the highest points of the grate bars and rolls down the same thus practically distributing the fuel over the grate bars through the length thereof.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings forming a part. of this spec fication, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a front elevation of the heater with parts shown in section;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same with parts in section. I

Fig. at is a vertical section of one of the heating sections;

Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view of one of the magazines, the section being on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional elevation Patented Feb. is, tea a.

of one of the joints of adjacent heating sections, the section being on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

The base 10 of the heater is preferably in the form of a box provided at its upper end with inwardly extending flanges l1 sup porting a hollow front 12, a hollow back 13 and sides 11 in the form of plates. A grate 15 is mounted on the base 10 and is formed of two longitudinal sections inclined toward each other from the sides in a downward and inward direction, as plainly indicated in the drawings. Each grate section is formed of a plurality of rocking grate bars controlled from the outside by suitable link and .lever mechanisms 16, but it is not deemed necessary to describe this particular construction of the grate and its operating mechanism in detail as the parts are not specifically claimed in this application.

Between the front 12, the rear 13 and the sides 14 are located a plurality of heating sections 20 arranged one'in front of the other in a longitudinal direction, each heating section having a top chamber 21 provided with side extensions 22 resting on the upper edges of the sides 14 to suspend the heating sections above the grate 15, and within the space formed by the front 12, the rear 13 and the sides 14. Each heating section 20 is provided with an arched bottom chamber 23 forming with the grate a combustion chamber 24 and each heating section 20 is provided with side chambers, 25 connected at their upper ends with the top chamber 21 adjacent the sideextensions 22. The lower ends of the side chambers 25 terminate in legs 26 connectedwith the sides of the bottom chamber 23. Each of the heating sections 20 is provided with transversely extending chambers 27,28 con necting the side chambers 25 with each other a points intermediate the top chamber 21 and the bottom chamber 23. The lowef' transverse chamber 27 is located a distance above the bottom chamber 23, and the upper transverse chamber 28 is spaced from the chamber 27 and from the top chamber 21, as plainly indicated in Fig. 4. The top and bottom chambers 21 and 23 are connected with each other by vertical chambers 29 intersecting the transverse chambers 27 and 28. Y

The top chambers 21 of adjacent heating sections 20 are connected with each other by slip joints 30, each in the form of a short tube tapered from the middle to the ends to engage Icorresponding apertures in the adjacent walls of the top chambers 21 to allow the water or other fluid to pass from one chamber to another. The front and rear heating sections 20 are connected by similar slip joints 31, 32 with the front 12 and the rear 13, and similar slip joints 33 connect the legs 26 of adjacent heating sections with each other and similar slip joints connect the front and rear sections with the front 12 and the rear 13. The several heating sections 20 after being assembled are fastened together by bolts 35, which are preferably passed through the top chambers 21 and the slip joints 30, 31, 32 and front 12 and rear 13, as indicated in the drawings. Bolts 36 are used for fastening the lower portions of the heating sections 20, the front 12 and the rear "13 together, and these bolts 36 extend'through the front 12 and the rear 13 and exteriorly of the sides 14, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, but I do not limit myself to the particular fastening means disclosed. The extensions 22 of the upper chamber 21 are provided at the under side with tongues 37 engaging corresponding grooves 38 formed on the top of the sides 14 to hold the heating sections 20 against lateral movement and the sides 14 against spreading.

The rear 13 is provided at its bottom with an inlet pipe 40, and the front and rear heating sections are provided at the top of their top chambers 21 with pipes 41 connected with; radiators or other heating mediums. It will be seen that by the arrangement described the water or other fluid to be heated readily circulates through the back 13, the heating sections 20 and the front 12 to. pass in a highly heated condition out through the pipes 41. The bottom chamber 23 of each heating section 20 is preferably made rectangular in cross section, and the bottom chambers 23 of adjacent sections are spaced apart, and the front and rear bottom chambers 23 are spaced from the front 12 and the rear 13 to provide vertical ducts 50 leading from the top of the combustion chamber 24 into a longitudinalpassage 51 extending under the transverse chambers 27 (see Fig. 2). Each of the transverse chambers 27 is made approximately trapezodial in cross section with the upper corners of adjacent heating sections in contact with each other so that the products of combustion in the passage 51 have access to the bottoms and sides of the heating chambers 27 to heat the fluid passing through the same. The transverse chambers '28 are similar in cross section to the chambers 27 and longitudinal passages 52 are formed between the chambers 27 and 28. Similar passages 53 are formed between the transverse chambers 28 and the top chambers 21 of the several sections. The front end of the passage 51 is closed by the front 12 and the rear ends of the passages 51 and 52 are connected with each other by an opening 54 formed in the back 13, and the front ends of the passages 52 and 53 are connected with each other by an opening 55 in the front 12. The rear end of the passage 53 connects with an opening 56 formed in the rear 13, and this opening 56 leads into a smoke box 60 having a collar 61 for connection with a chimney flue leading to a chimney or the like. The smoke box 60 is provided at the bottom with an extension 62 partly covering the opening 54 of the back 13 and the said smoke box is provided with a valve or a damper 63 adapted to connect the upper end of the opening 54 with the interior of the smoke box 60 to provide a direct draft for the passage 51, when the damper 63 is open, and an indirect draft when the said damper 63 is closed by way of the passages 53, 52, 51 and ducts 50. The smoke box 60 is also provided at the back with a valve or damper 64 to check the full draft when open by admitting air from the outside into the smoke box 60. Both dampers 63, 64 are under the control of the operator and suitable means are provided for swinging the dampers into closed or open position.

The sides 12 form with the side chambers 25 and the extensions 22 fuel magazines for containing small sized coal or other fuel, each magazine 70 having its bottom in the form of a shelf which is an integral part of a flange 72 at the lower portion of the corresponding side 14. The bottom 71 is provided with apertures 73 adapted to register with similar apertures 74 formed in a slide.

apertures are in register with each other,

fuel can pass from the corresponding magazine through the apertures to drop onto the end of the flange 72 which is in alinement with the upper surface of the corresponding section of the grate 15 to allow the fuel to move down over the grate section. From the foregoing it will be seen that by the arrangement described fuel can be dropped into each grate by operating the corresponding lever 77. the fuel distributing itself uniformly over each grate section thus insuring a proper burning of the fuel.

The front 12 is provided with an opening 80 leading to the fire box 2 and normally closed by a suitable door 81, and cleaning doors 82 are arranged on the upper portion of the front 12 to close the opening 55 and to allow of cleaning the passages 51, 52 and 53 whenever it is desired to do so. The magazines T0 are provided with doors 83 arranged at the front 12 for placing the fuel into the magazines. The base 10 is provided at the front withash pit doors 8% of usual construction for gaining access to the ash pit 85 arranged below the grate 15.

\Vhen the heater is in use and the fuel is burning on the grate, the products of combustion rise in the combustion chamber 24 and pass by way of the vertical ducts to into the lowermost passage 51 in which the products of combustion travel rearward and pass by the opening 54 into the rear end of the intermediate passage 52. The products of combustion next travel forward ,in this passage 52 and pass by way of the opening 55 into the forward end of the uppermost passage 5;) and then travel rearward and finally pass through the opening 56 into the smoke box ()0 and to the chimney. It will be noticed that by this arrangement an exceedingly long passage for the heat and gases is provided to permit the fluid circulating in the heating sections to take up most of the units of heat contained in the heat and gases. The tops of the transverse chambers 27 and 28 provide practically continuous straight bottoms for the passages 59. and and the heat and gases in the said passages come incontact. with the bottom and sides of the chambers 27 and 28 owing to the diverging sides of the chambers 27 and 28. It will be noticed that by this particular cross sectional shape of the heating chambers all sides are exposed to the heat without forming pockets for the lodgment of soot and other extraneousmatter.

By suspending the heat sections 20 in the manner described a free expansion and contraction of each section and wholly inclependent of an adjacent section is had. By providing a magazine at each side of the heating sections, fuel and air in the magazines insulate the heating sections and consequently very little heat is radiated into the room in which the heater is located. By extending the back 13 down to the base 10 the lower portion of said back is exposed to the heat at the end of the combustion chamber 24: and as the water enters at this point it is immediately and directly subjected to the heat in the combustioi'i chamber 2- Any number of heating sections may be used according to the desired capacity of the heater.

In starting the heater. a direct draft is usually desired. and this direct draft can be readily had for any length of time by the user opening the damper 3 When itis desired to check the draft in the heater it is only necessary for the operator to open the damper 64.

Having thus described my invention. I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A heater. comprisinga base. a grate supported by the said base. sides erected on the said base. and a plurality of connected heating sections having their upper ends extended sidewise and resting on the upper edges of the said sides to suspend the heating sections between the sides. the bottoms of the sections being arched and forming with the said grate a combustion chamber. the heat-ing sections having top. bottom and side chambers. vertical chambers connecting the top and bottom chambers. transverse chambers connecting the side chambers. the said transverse chambers of adjacent sections having their upper corners in contact and spaced apart at their lower portions. the said heater having longitudinal passages comnnmicating with each other and formed between the transverse chambers and between the latter and the top and bottom chambers. the bottom chambers of adjacent sections being spaced apart for the passage of the products of combustion from the combustion chamber to the lowermost passage.

2. A heater. comprising a base having inwardly extending flanges at its upper end. a grate supported by the said base. sides erected on the flanges of said base. and a plurality of connected heating sections having their upper ends extended sidewise and resting on the upper edges of the said sides to suspend the heating sections between the sides. the bottoms of the sections extending above the said grate to form with the latter a combustion chamber. the said sides forming with the outer sides of the sections tno magazines for the storage of the fuel. the lower portions of the sides being provided with downwardly and inwardly inclined flanges. the bottoms of the magazines being integral with the said flanges of the sides. and each being in the form of a horizontal apertured shelf extending at itsinner end adjacent the outer side of the heating section.

3. heater provided with hollow heating sections disposed vertically and arranged one alongside the other in a longitmlinal direction, each section having a hollow top chamber, an arched bottom chamber, and side chambers terminating in hollow legs connected with the sides of the bottom chamber, slip joints connecting the top chambers of adjacent sections with each other, and slip joints connecting the legs of adjacent sections with each other, each heating section having transverse chambers connecting the side chambers with each other, and vertical chambers connecting the top chamber with the arched bottom chamber, the bottom chambers of adjacent heat- 'ing sections being spaced from each other, and the transverse chambers being approximately trapezoidal in cross section with the upper corners of adjacent heating sections in contact, the said heater having longitudinal passages formed between the transverse chambers and between the latter and the top and bottom chambers, the said passages communicating/ with each other.

4. A heater provided with connected hollow heating sections disposed vertically and arranged one in front of the other, each section having a hollow top chamber, an arched bottom chamber and side chambers connected with the sides of the bottom chamber, transverse chambers connecting the side chambers with each other, vertical chambers connecting the top chamber with the arched bottom chamber, the tops of the transverse chambers of adjacent heating sections being in contact with each other and the sides of said chambers diverging, the said heater having longitudinal passages formed by the heating sections and communicating at their ends with each other, the bottom chambers of adjacent heating sections being spaced apart,

the spaces communicating with the lowermost passage, the said heater having a hollow front and a hollow backcommunicating respectively with the front and rear heating sections.

5. A heater, comprising a base, a grate supported by the said base, sides supported on the base, a hollow front and a hollow back also supported on the base, a plurality of connected hollow heating sections arranged above the grate and within the space formed by the front, the back and the sides, each heating section having a top chamber, a bottom chamber, side chambers connected with the top and bottom chambers, vertical chambers intermediate the side chambers and connecting the top and bottom chambers, and transverse chambers connecting the side chambers and intersecting the vertical chambers, the tops of the transverse chambers of adjacent sections being in contact, and the adjacent sides of said chambers diverging, the bottoms of the heating sections extending above the grate to form with the latter a combustion chamber, the said heating sections communicating with each other at the top and bottom and the front and rear heating sections communicating respectively with the hollow front and the hollow back of the heater, the heater having longitudinal passages formed by the connected heating sections and arranged in tiers, the said passages extending between the transverse chambers and between the latter and the top and bottom chambers and communicating with each other atthe rear and front ends alternately, the lower portions of adjacent heater sections being spaced from each other, and the lower portions of the front and rear heating sections being spaced respectively from the front and back; of the heater to permit the products of combustion to pass from the combustion chamber to the lowermost passages, the uppermost passages communicat ing with an opening in the back of the heater, an inlet pipefor the liquid to be heated connected with the lower part of the hollow back of the heater, and pipes leading from the top of the front and rear .heating sections.

6. A heater provided with hollow heating sections disposed vertically and arranged one alongside the other in a longitudinal direction, each section having a hollow top chamber, an arched bottom chamber and side chambers terminating in hollow legs connected with the sides of the bottom chamber, the said bottom chamber being approximately rectangular in cross section and the bottom chambers of adjacent heating sections being spaced from each other to form vertical ducts for the products of combustion, transverse chambers connecting the side chambers with each other intermediate the bottom chamber and the top chamber, the said transverse chambers being each trapezoidal in cross section with the upper corners of adjacent heating sections in contact, the

transverse chambers of the several sections forming longitudinal passages between themselves and between the bottom and top chambers, the said ducts opening into the lowermost passage, means connecting the rear ends and the front ends of the said passages alternately with each other at the rear and front of the heater, slip joints connecting the top chambers of adjacent sections with each other, and slip joints connecting the legs of adjacent sections with each other.

7. A heater provided with a plurality of connected heating sections disposed vertically one alongside the other in a longitudinal direction, each section being made hollow and having a top chamber, an arched bottom approximately rectangularin cross section, the bottoms of adjacent sections being spaced apart to form ducts for the rising heat, each section having hollow sides connected with the top chamber and terminating in legs connected with the sides of the arched bottom, each section having hollow release transverse partitions connecting Late sides with each other, and spaced hollowyertical- 1 members intermediate the sides and connecting the top chamber with the arched bottom and intersecting the transverse-partitions, the latter being approximately trapezoidal in cross section, with the upper corners of adjacent sections abutting the said sides, top chamber, partitions and members forming 1o tiers of longitudinal passages and the ends of the passages being connected with each other alternately at the rear and front of the heater.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification 'in the presence of 115 two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES WILLIAM HOPES. Witnesses:

FRANK D. MOREHOUSE, N. M. Horns. 

